1. What is your name?
2. How old are you?
3. What is your grade level?
4. What are your hobbies and interests and motto in life?
5. What motivates you to study English?
6. How often do you study English?
7. How often do you use English?
7. How do you study English?
8. How good are you in English?
9. What are your expectations for your class with me?
II. Quick review of the main parts of a sentence and parts of speech.
1. What are the 2 main parts of a sentence?
- Subject and Predicate. Subject is the topic of the sentence whilst predicate describes the subject.
2. What are the 8 parts of speech?
a. Noun - Countable or Uncountable, abstract, concrete, compound, collective, common, proper
b. Pronoun - Personal, indefinite, interrogative, relative, possessive, reflexive, intensive, demonstrative, reciprocal, distributive
c. Verb - Action, transitive, intransitive, finite, non-finite verb (gerund, infinitives, participle), dynamic, stative, regular, irregular, auxiliary, linking
d. Adjective - Descriptive, quantitative, proper, demonstrative, possessive, interrogative, indefinite, articles, compound, cardinal, ordinal (positive, comparative, superlative)
e. Adverb - Time, degree, place, manner, frequency, comment, conjunction, confirmation and negation
f. Preposition - Simple, double, compound, participle, phrase (time, place, direction, agent, instrument, prepositional phrase)
g. Conjunction - Coordinating, correlative, subordinating, adverbial
h. Interjection - greetings, happiness, sorrow, anger, approval, surprise, attention, shock
III. Preliminary Quiz and Make your own Sentence.
1. There were fewer/less spectators than expected.
- Fewer is Adjective
2. The results of this complicated lawsuit remain/remains to be seen.
- Remain is an intransitive verb
Example sentence: All this time he had to remain strong for his mother.
3. The city of Dresden, which/that was virtually burnt to the ground during the war, now flourishes again.
- Which is relative pronoun.
Example sentence:
All of which was beside the point.
Speaking of which, where was Alex?
4. I don't suppose that either of them care/cares one way or another.
- Cares is a transitive verb
Example sentence:
5. That is one of those setbacks that really is/are unavoidable.
Are is a linking verb
6. The chairman, together with his two young daughters, have/has accepted our invitation.
Has is a primary auxiliary verb.
7. The Cabinet has/have all been sworn to secrecy.
Have is a primary auxiliary verb.
8. All those/Everyone present should pay their subscriptions on the way out.
All those is a pronoun.
9. Every man, woman, and child were/was rescued.
Was is a linking verb.
10. Neither fire nor flood is/are every likely to deter him.
Is is linking verb.
11. They had a dreadful row, and between you and me/I, his wife has now walked out on him.
Me is an object pronoun.
12. The audience gave my wife and I/me a standing ovation.
Me is an object pronoun.
13. Pierre challenged the directors, who/whom he regarded as incompetent to run the company.
Whom is a relative pronoun.
-Whom should be used to refer to the object of a verb or preposition.
She saw a lady whom she presumed worked at the store, and she asked her a question.
14. Please would you allow Joe and I/me to escort you home.
Me is an object pronoun.
15. Who/Whom do you think is going to win?
Answer: He is going to win.
Incorrect: Him is going to win.
Who is an interrogative pronoun.
16. Who/Whom do you consider most likely to win?
Whom is an interrogative pronoun.
Answer: I consider him most likely to win.
Incorrect: I consider he most likely to win.
17. They pleaded with whomever/whoever was within hailing distance.
Whoever is a subject pronoun.
I'll buy it from whoever owns it.
Whoever has them will be able to take control.
Whoever you have will be enough for my plan.
18. I hope you don't mind my/me dropping in like this.
My is a possessive pronoun.
19. It's unfair to expect us/we public figures to know all the answers.
Us is an object personal pronoun.
20. Isn't that the same man as/that she was dancing with last night?
As is a conjunction. It means "like" here or "the same as".
21. Ruth Ellis was the last woman hanged/hung in Britain.
Hanged is a verb in past tense (intransitive).
22. Workmen lay/laid the tarpaulin down on the grass.
Laid is a past tense verb.
23. She shrunk/shrank back in horror.
Shrank is a past tense verb.
24. Nobody dare/dares stand up to her.
Dare is a modal verb. (indignation)
25. I shall/will find an answer, if it's the last thing I do.
will is a modal verb.
26. I would/should go pick a fight with a karate expert!
Would is a modal verb.
27. If I were/was younger, I'd be happy to take the risk.
Were is a linking verb.
28. Glamorgan may/might have won the match had they not gone and dropped three catches.
Might is a modal verb.
29. They asked if I was/were prepared to reconsider.
Was is a linking verb.
30. He will likely/probably call again on Thursday.
Probably is an adverb.
31. The water in the basin has frozen solidly/solid during the night.
Solid is an adjective.
32. It's one of the most unusual/unique game parks in Africa.
Unusual is an adjective.
- unique is (not comparable) being the only one of its kind; unequaled, unparalleled or unmatched while unusual is unlike what is expected; differing in some way from the norm.
33. You can phone direct/directly to Moscow.
Direct is an adverb.
Example sentence: The trains ran direct to both Oxford and Cambridge.
34. Regrettably/Regretfully, your application has been refused.
Regrettably is an adverb.
Example sentence: In a moment of self-reflection Andy realizes that he has regrettably neglected his two children in order to further his career.
Questions:
1.) How was the quiz?
2.) Which of the sentences do you find difficult to understand?
IV. Homework
1.) Keep a notebook that records the unfamiliar words that you encounter daily. Write their definitions and make your own sentence using those words.
2.) Study about nouns and be ready for a quiz about nouns. Write 3 example words of countable, uncountable, abstract, concrete, compound, collective, common, proper nouns (recommended: those that you are unfamiliar of) and write a sentence for each 3 words.
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