Tuesday, May 17, 2016

Lesson 2: Greetings, Preclosings, and Closings

Student’s Copy

I.            Pronunciation

Instructions: Correctly pronounce the words after your teacher does so.


Vowels
Consonants
/æ/
/ɑː/
Can
father
manage
bother
lack
wander
//
/l/
/r/
charm
lottery
rotten
chase
little
circle
chew
litter
triangle



II.          Reading
        
 Greetings in all languages have the same purpose: to establish contact with another person, to recognize his or her existence, and to show friendliness. The formulas for greeting are very specific and usually do not carry any literal meaning. People say “Good morning” even if it is a miserable day and may reply to “How are you?” with “Fine, thanks,” even if they aren’t feeling well.
The greeting is always returned, often in the same form but with different stress.

A: How are you?
B: Fine, thanks. How are you?

Greetings
People who are together every day greet one another the first time they meet each day. They do not shake hands.
When people have not seen each other for a long time, the greeting is often enthusiastic and is usually accompanied by shaking hands among men, hugging among both men and women, and sometimes a kiss on the cheek among women.

Pre-closings and Closings
Usually, people do not suddenly quit talking, say good-bye, and leave each other abruptly; ending a conversation normally takes some time. This involves two kinds of interactions: pre-closings and closings. Pre-closings are phrases that signal the end of a conversation; closings are phrases that explicitly end the conversation.

There are some people with whom it is difficult to end a conversation. The problem is that they usually ignore the signals that end the conversation. With close friends this does not usually cause any severe difficulties; but with people we do not know well or with people in superior positions, it is considered rude to ignore pre-closings. If someone ignores your first pre-closing, you can use a stronger one.

In formal situations, the superior (in age, status, etc.) usually signals the end of a conversation.  On the telephone, the caller usually pre-closes. In informal situations, either speaker may pre-close. Pre-closings often include thanking a person for something or making an excuse or apology.

Closings, like greetings, are commonly used exchanges with no literal meaning. People who are together everyday say good-bye at the end of the day or week (and wish each other a nice weekend).

When leaving a party, guests always find the host or hostess to say thank you and good-bye. People who are leaving each other permanently or for a long time shake hands or embrace, depending on the relationship. If you are in an unfamiliar situation and wonder what to do, watch other people or ask.

Discussion
1) What gestures can you use for greeting someone in your country?
2) Do you shake hands?
3) If so, what are the rules for handshakes?
4) How do you end a conversation in your country?
5) Do you have expressions to show that you are ready for a conversation to end?


III.        Test

a.    Vocabulary Test

1)    The renowned physician has been invited to ____ (talk, talking, talked) about the effects of excessive drug consumption on the human body.
2)    I cannot be available on Saturday because, on that day, an ________(meeting, appointment, engagement) with the President of the Republic of the Philippines has already been made. Therefore, I shall refuse your invitation to take dinner with you.
3)    There is not much time for me to have chitchat with you right now; however, we can exchange with each other our ________ (name tags, contact numbers, business cards) so that I can use yours to call you immediately in my free time and then schedule a time for our meeting.
4)     Drawing is not her forte, but it is what I do during my pastime; Drawing is my ____ (hubby, hobby, habit).
5)    A man's __________ (courageous, person, personality) may be learned from the adjectives which he habitually uses in conversation. - Mark Twain

b.    Pronunciation Test

Thse
whɪch
wɪth
immdiately
gve
Thɪs
ɪs
fl
thɪnk
chtchat

Saturday
refuse
your
Republic
dinner
call
Philippines
for
forte

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