Lesson 11: Parts of Speech - Conjunction

I. Definition

Conjunction- a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause

II. Types of Conjunctions

Source: http://www.yourdictionary.com/index.php/pdf/articles/149.conjunctionschart.pdf

III. Sample Sentence

Conjunction	Sentence
although	Although he's very famous he is still nice.
and	I like tea and coffee.
as	As I came she was leaving.
	As you couldn't see the film, we'll tell you something about it.
because	She goes to the tennis club because she likes to play tennis.
but	He reads magazines, but he doesn't like to read books.
either	I'm sorry, Peter is ill and I can't come either.
	We can either go to the cinema or to the café.
even	She likes swimming, even in winter.
even if	Don't drink any alcohol even if you drive carefully.
even though	This book is very popular; even though, I don't like it.
how	Do you know how to ride a snowboard?
however	However we've lost the match.
	They worked hard for the test, however, they failed.
if	If they were older, they could go to the party.
in case	Take your mobile with you in case you miss the bus.
in spite of	He looks very fit in spite of his age.
neither	They didn't go to the party, and neither did I.
	Neither drinks nor food are allowed in this room.
or	Do you like tea or coffee?
otherwise	Look at the map, please. Otherwise you'll get lost.
since	Since he's lost his money, he couldn't go to the restaurant.
unless	Her baby cannot fall asleep unless she stays in the room.
what	I don't know what to say.
when	When you're in London, write an e-mail to me.
whether	I'm going home whether you like it or not.

Source: http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/conjunctions.htm


IV. Activity

IV. A

Subordinating Conjunction Exercises

Complete each sentence using the subordinating conjunction from the parenthesis:

1. I visit the Grand Canyon _________ I go to Arizona. (once, whenever, wherever)
2. This is the place _________ we stayed last time we visited. (where, when, how)
3. _________ you win first place, you will receive a prize. (wherever, if, unless)
4. You won’t pass the test _________ you study. (when, if, unless)

source: http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/conjunctions/conjunction-exercises/

IV. B. 

Coordinating Conjunction

Choices: And, but, or, so

Source: http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/coconj1.htm


IV. C. 

Correlative Conjunction
Correlative Conjunctions Exercises

The following exercises will help you gain greater understanding about how correlative conjunctions work. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1. She is neither polite _______ funny.
   1. Or
   2. Nor
   3. Not
   4. Yet
2. _______ that is the case, _______ I’m not surprised about what’s happening.
   1. If / then
   2. No sooner / than
   3. Scarcely / when
   4. Whether / or
3. Have you made a decision about _______ to go to the movies _______ not?
   1. If  / then
   2. Either / or
   3. Whether / or
   4. What with / and
4. _______ had I put my umbrella away, _______ it started raining.
   1. No sooner / than
   2. If / then
   3. What with / and
   4. Neither / nor
5. This salad is _______ delicious _______ healthy.
1. Whether / or
2. Both / and
3. Scarcely / when
4. Rather / than

Source: http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/conjunctions/correlative-conjunctions/

Assignment #1 Subject and Predicate and Parts of Speech – Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs

Activity Sheet #1

Subject and Predicate

Parts of Speech – Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs

Riddle

Instructions: Print this activity sheet and using your ball pens, identify the nouns, pronouns and verbs in each sentence. Mark the nouns red, pronouns blue, and verbs yellow. Underline once the subject and double underline the predicate. Take a photo of your answers in the activity sheet and submit or send the answer before Wednesday next week (7/20/16).

Guide:

Definition:

1)    Noun- a word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of people, places

2)    Pronoun – a word that substitutes for a noun or a noun phrase

3)    Verb- a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence.

4)    Subject- the subject is always a noun or a noun phrase. It typically performs the action expressed by the verb.

5)    Predicate- It usually starts with a verb and when there is a verb, there must be a subject. So predicate is everything that is not the subject.

1)      It is greater than God and more evil than the devil. The poor have it, the rich need it and if you eat it you’ll die. What is it?
Answer: Nothing.

2)     It walks on four legs in the morning, two legs at noon and three legs in the evening. What is it?
Answer: Man

3)     I am the beginning of the end, and the end of time and space. I am essential to creation, and I surround every place. What am I?
Answer: The letter e. End, timE, spacE, Every place

4)     I never was, am always to be.

No one ever saw me, nor ever will.

And yet I am the confidence of all,

To live and breath on this terrestrial ball.

What am I?
Answer: Tomorrow or the future.

5)     The more you have of it, the less you see. What is it?
Answer: Darkness

6)     What has a head, a tail, is brown, and has no legs?
Answer: A penny

7)     If you break me
I do not stop working,
If you touch me
I may be snared,
If you lose me
Nothing will matter.
Answer:  Your heart

8)    Until I am measured I am not known,
Yet how you miss me when I have flown.
Answer: Time

9)     I’m full of holes, yet I’m full of water. What am I?
Answer: A sponge

Lesson 10: Conversation - Study English/Classroom

1. Do you think English is a difficult language to learn?
2. Have you ever spoken English on the phone?
3. How often do you practice your English?
4. What is your favorite way to practice your English? (UK spelling = favorite)
5. What is the most difficult thing about English?
6. Why are you learning English?
7. What do you think you will be able to do in English in the future?
8. Do you think that English will completely dominate all the other languages in the future? If yes, how will it affect the world?
9. How much time do you spend looking out of the window during class?
10. If you are really absorbed in lessons, do the classroom arrangement matter?
11. How do you use the Internet to learn English?
12. What search engine do you use most often when you study? Why?
13. Do you think English is a difficult language to
14. learn?
15. What is your favorite way to practice your English?
16. What do you think you will be able to do in English
17. in the future?
18. How can English language help you advance in your career?
19. Which country is the best place to study English?
20. Are you willing to get a tutor just to further learn English?
21. What is the best way to teach vocabulary at the upper intermediate level EFL?
22. What kind of dormitory room would you like to stay in?
23. In your own teaching environment what forms of pronunciation of English are learners likely to encounter?
24. How can I listen to conversations and improve my pronunciation?
25. What do you like about your classroom?
26. Who cooks Thanksgiving dinner in your home?
27. How do you cook the turkey?
28. When do you eat?
29. Why do you think people celebrate Thanksgiving Day?

Lesson 9: Parts of Speech

I. Parts of Speech and their Definition

	Parts of Speech/ word class	Definition
1	Noun (names) It is used to identify any of a class of people, places, ideas, or things	It is any abstract or concrete entity. Nouns can also be classified as count nouns or non-count nouns; some can belong to either category.
2	Pronoun (replaces)	It is a substitute for a noun or noun phrase (them, he).
3	Adjective (describes, limits)	It is a modifier of a noun or pronoun.
4	Verb (states action or being)	It is a word denoting an action (walk), occurrence (happen), or state of being (be).
5	Adverb (describes, limits)	It is a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc. (e.g., gently, quite, then, there ).
6	Preposition (relates)	It is a word that relates words to each other in a phrase or sentence. Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun with another word in the sentence.
7	Conjunction (connects)	It links words, phrases, or clauses. Conjunctions connect words or group of words
8	Interjection (expresses feelings and emotions)	It is an emotional greeting or exclamation (Huzzah, Alas). Interjections express strong feelings and emotions.
9	Article (describes, limits)	It is a grammatical marker of definiteness (the) or indefiniteness (a, an).

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech


II. A. Noun

There are several different types of nouns. These include:

1) Common Nouns (e.g., abstract nouns, collective nouns, compound nouns, concrete nouns, non-countable nouns, gender-specific nouns, verbal nouns)

• Abstract nouns – things you cannot see or touch (e.g., bravery, joy)
• Collective nouns – words to describe groups (e.g., team, choir)
• Compound nouns – nouns made up of more than one word (e.g., court-martial, pickpocket, water bottle)
• Concrete nouns – things you can see or touch (e.g., tree, cloud)
• Non-countable nouns (mass nouns) – things you cannot count (e.g., food, music)
• Gender-specific nouns – words which are definitely male or female (e.g., vixen, actress)
• Verbal nouns – nouns derived from verbs (e.g., a building, an attack)
• Gerunds – nouns that represent actions (e.g., running fast, guessing a number)

2) Proper Nouns (A proper noun is the name of a person, place or thing (i.e., its own name). A proper noun always starts with a capital letter. )

3) Pronouns (A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun)

II. B. Test Instructions: Identify the parts of speech in the sentence and its function in the sentence. After that, justify your answer.

1)      The professor handed out a syllabus the first day of class.

2)      Most colleges offer several computer science courses.

3)      Typing is an important skill

4)      Everyone recognizes the name Oprah.

5)      A schedule helps students with time management.

6)      The tennis team won the state championship.

7)      Several thousand people watched the parade.

8)      Identity theft is a significant problem in the United States.

9)      The study of human populations is called demography.

10)   We were puzzled by her explanation.

11)   The boy ate the apple.

12)   I need help with this math problem

13)   Next week my grandmother is coming from Korea.

14)   My favourite month is May.

15)   May is my favourite month.

16)   Our homeroom is having a pizza party tomorrow.

17)   Football is played in every country in the world.

18)   Go.

19)   Yasmin yawned.

20)   My expensive new watch has stopped

21)   Sitting on the roof of my house was a huge black bird.

22)   After dinner I like to have a little sleep in front of the television.

23)   I always bring my dictionary to clas.

24)   You have a vocabulary test tomorrow

25)   My friend and I went shopping.

26)   At the weekend my other works at a sports club.

27)   Both my parents have to work at the weekend.

28)   On the way from school to Frankfurt yesterday afternoon bbus number 21 crashed into a parked car.

29)   A student and the bus driver were injured in the crash.

30)   In the ESL lesson tomorrow you will have a vocabulary test.

31)   On Saturday mornings my friends and I play football in the park.

32)   The ozone hole over Antarctica is getting larger every year.

33)   The old hotel in the town center is going to be knocked down to make way for a new shopping center.

34)   After doing his homework John went to bed.

35)   A glacier is a river of ice mobbing slowly down a mountain..

36)   Of all the months in the year May is my favourite.

37)   In most English sentences the subject comes before the predicate.

38)   Occasionally the predicate comes before the subject.

39)   Waiting by the school gate in the rain was my mother.

40)   In this quiz you have been tested on your knowledge of subject and predicate. 

The Ant and the Grasshopper Fable  1) In a field one summer's day a Grasshopper was hopping about, chirping and singing to its heart's content. An Ant passed by, bearing along with great toil an ear of corn he was taking to the nest. 2) "Why not come and chat with me," said the Grasshopper, "instead of toiling and moiling in that way?" 3) "I am helping to lay up food for the winter," said the Ant, "and recommend you to do the same." 4) "Why bother about winter?" said the Grasshopper; we have got plenty of food at present." But the Ant went on its way and continued its toil. When the winter came the Grasshopper had no food and found itself dying of hunger, while it saw the ants distributing every day corn and grain from the stores they had collected in the summer. Then the Grasshopper knew: Moral of Aesops Fable: It is best to prepare for the days of necessity

Lesson 8: Conversation- Classmates and Teachers

Sample questions:

• Can you think of a good teacher you had?
  • What made that teacher good?
• Think of a bad teacher you had.
  • What made that teacher bad?
• What do you think it takes to be a good teacher?
• What are some traits of teachers?
• What different kind of teachers can you name?
• How are you a teacher to someone else?
• What is the retirement age for teachers in your country?
• Would you rather learn from a young teacher or an older teacher?
• What are the salaries for teachers in your country?
• Do you enjoy spending time with your teachers?
• If you were going to be a teacher, where would you like to teach?
• Young people spend a lot of their "formative years" with teachers. On the whole, is this time well-spent?
• What kind of formal training do teachers need in your country?
• Do you think the training is sufficient?
• If you could, how would you change this training

http://iteslj.org/questions/teachers.html

Lesson 7: Subject and Predicate

I. Definition

1) Subject
-A noun phrase functioning as one of the main components of a clause, being the element about which the rest of the clause is predicated.

2) Predicate
-The part of a sentence or clause containing a verb and stating something about the subject (e.g., went home in John went home):

II. Test

Instructions: Identify the subject and predicate in each sentence. Then, explain the reason for your answer.

1) The boy ate the apple.
2) I need help with this math problem.
3) Next week my grandmother is coming from Korea.
4) My favourite month is May.
5) May is my favourite month.
6) Yasmin yawned.
7) My expensive new watch has stopped.
8) Sitting on the roof of my house was a huge black bird.
9) Both my parents have to work at the weekend.
10)  In most English sentences the subject comes before the predicate.
11) In this quiz you have been tested on your knowledge of subject and predicate.
12) That you are alive is something which your mother is proud of.

III. Conclusion

Characteristics of Subject:

1) A subject is always a noun phrase that comes before the predicate. A subject is not an adverb phrase. It is everything that is not predicate. 

Ex.:
a) Next week my grandmother is coming from Korea.

	subject	predicate
		present continuous tense		prepositional phrase
Adverb Phrase	Noun Phrase	Linking Verb	ing verb	preposition	objective of the preposition/noun phrase
Next week	my grandmother	is	coming	from	korea

Next week cannot be a subject because it is an adverb phrase.

2) In a declarative sentence, the Subject comes before the verb.

3) That-clause can function as a subject. Ex.:
 a) That you are alive is something which your mother is proud of.
(the italicized part of this sentence is a that-clause and therefore functions as a subject in this sentence.)


Characteristics of Predicate:

1) A predicate is everything that is not subject. Predicate starts with a verb